HomeMy WebLinkAbout2020_09_02 CC PKTCity Council
City of Brookings
Meeting Agenda - Final-revised
Brookings City Council
Brookings City & County
Government Center
520 3rd St., Suite 230
Brookings, SD 57006
Phone: (605) 692-6281
Fax: (605) 692-6907
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Council Chambers7:00 PMWednesday, September 2, 2020
Special Meeting
The City of Brookings is committed to providing a high quality of life for its citizens and fostering a diverse
economic base through innovative thinking, strategic planning, and proactive, fiscally responsible municipal
management.
7:00 PM SPECIAL MEETING
1. Call to Order / Pledge of Allegiance.
2. Record of Council Attendance.
3. Action to approve the agenda.
4.ORD 20-017 Second Reading and Action on Ordinance 20-017, an Ordinance
Amending Ordinance 20-010 to Extend the Provisions Regarding a Public
Health Crisis and to Revise Certain Measures which have been deemed
necessary to slow the Community Spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in
the City of Brookings, South Dakota.
Memo - 9/2/2020
Memo -8/25/2020
Ordinance 8/25/2020
Summary of COVID Triggers - 9/2/2020
Attachments:
Action: Motion to Approve, Request Public Comment, Roll Call
Legislative History
8/25/20 City Council read into the record
5.ORD 20-019 Introduction and First Reading on Ordinance 20-019 an ordinance to revise
certain measures which have been deemed necessary to slow the
Page 1 City of Brookings
September 2, 2020City Council Meeting Agenda - Final-revised
Community Spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the City of Brookings,
South Dakota. Second Reading: September 8, 2020
Memo
Ordinance 9/8/2020 clean
Ordinance 9/8/2020 marked
Ordinance 9/2/2020
Summary of COVID Triggers
Attachments:
The title of the Ordinance is read. No vote is required on the first reading of an
Ordinance. Public Comment and Council discussion is permitted. The date for the
second reading is announced.
6.RES 20-072 Action on Resolution 20-072, an Emergency Resolution of the City Council
of the City of Brookings, South Dakota, to address a public health crisis.
Memo
Resolution
Summary of COVID Triggers
Attachments:
Action: Motion to Approve, Request Public Comment, Roll Call
7. City Council member introduction of topics for future discussion.
Any Council Member may request discussion of any issue at a future meeting only.
Items cannot be added for action at this meeting. A motion and second is required
stating the issue, requested outcome, and time. A majority vote is required.
8. Adjourn.
Brookings City Council: Keith Corbett, Mayor; Patty Bacon, Deputy Mayor
Council Members Leah Brink, Joey Collins, Ope Niemeyer, Holly Tilton Byrne, and Nick Wendell
Council Staff:
Paul M. Briseno, City Manager Steven Britzman, City Attorney Bonnie Foster, City Clerk
View the City Council Meeting Live on the City Government Access Channel 9.
Rebroadcast Schedule: Wednesday 1:00pm/Thursday 7:00pm/Friday 9:00pm/Saturday 1:00pm
The complete City Council agenda packet is available on the city website: www.cityofbrookings.org
Assisted Listening Systems (ALS) are available upon request by contacting (605) 692-6281. If you require
additional assistance, alternative formats, and/or accessible locations consistent with the Americans with
Disabilities Act, please contact Susan Rotert, City Human Resources Director and ADA Coordinator at (605)
692-6281 at least three working days prior to the meeting.
Page 2 City of Brookings
City of Brookings
Staff Report
Brookings City & County
Government Center, 520
Third Street
Brookings, SD 57006
(605) 692-6281 phone
(605) 692-6907 fax
File #:ORD 20-017,Version:2
Second Reading and Action on Ordinance 20-017, an Ordinance Amending Ordinance 20-010 to
Extend the Provisions Regarding a Public Health Crisis and to Revise Certain Measures which have
been deemed necessary to slow the Community Spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the City of
Brookings, South Dakota.
Summary:
Brookings COVID numbers have increased dramatically over the past week. The guiding metrics
have all been triggered with the exception of hospitalization. The current Ordinance (Phase 3)
regulates bars, restaurants, salons, and retail. Additional regulations is needed to mitigate the
increase in cases. Staff recommends extending the existing ordinance and necessary amendments
including regulating residential gatherings to ten or less and ceasing the sale of alcohol past 10 p.m.
Thursday - Saturday.
Background:
The City of Brookings is currently under Phase 3 with substantial conditions based on the past weeks
data. As of Monday the seven-day positive rate is 34%. The desired rate is 5%. As of Monday
Brookings County had 321 cases with 183 recovered or 138 active. This past week there have been
substantial increases.
At the last City Council meeting thresholds and metrics were provided as guidance for Council and
the public of existing conditions. This information is provided by local professionals and weighs
metrics such as test positive rates, health care capacity, testing scope and capacity. As of the last
report the only metric met was the capacity of hospitalization available.
The existing Ordinance 20-010 is set to expire September 8th.
Recommendation:
Staff recommends approval.
Attachments:
Memo - 9/2/2020
Memo - 8/25/2020
Ordinance 8/25/2020
Summary of COVID Triggers - 9/2/2020
City of Brookings Printed on 12/2/2020Page 1 of 1
powered by Legistar™
City Council Agenda Memo
From: Paul Briseno, City Manager
Council Meeting: September 2, 2020
Subject: COVID Ordinance Amendments
Person(s) Responsible: Paul Briseno, City Manager
Summary:
Brookings COVID numbers have increased dramatically over the past week. The
guiding metrics have all been triggered with the exception of hospitalization. The current
Ordinance (Phase 3) regulates bars, restaurants, salons, and retail. Additional
regulations is needed to mitigate the increase in cases. Staff recommends extending
the existing ordinance and necessary amendments including regulating residential
gatherings to ten or less and ceasing the sale of alcohol past 10 p.m. Thursday -
Saturday.
Background:
The City of Brookings is currently under Phase 3 with substantial conditions based on
the past weeks data. As of Monday the seven-day positive rate is 34%. The desired
rate is 5%. As of Monday Brookings County had 321 cases with 183 recovere d or 138
active. This past week there have been substantial increases.
At the last City Council meeting thresholds and metrics were provided as guidance for
Council and the public of existing conditions. This information is provided by local
professionals and weighs metrics such as test positive rates, health care capacity,
testing scope and capacity. As of the last report the only metric met was the capacity of
hospitalization available.
The existing ordinance 20-010 is set to expire September 8th.
Discussion:
Current conditions warrant the extension of the COVID19 Phase 3 ordinance. Criteria
of test positive rates, health care capacity, testing scope and capacity as well as the
commencement of SDSU and the public schools should be considered in the
determination of necessary phases and amendments. Amendments for consideration
include:
Place restrictions on all residential gatherings larger than ten (10) people
Limit the sale of alcohol to 10 p.m. Thursday, Friday and Saturday
Require masks for events that require a city permit where six (6) foot social
distancing cannot be achieved
Require masks in all public places where six (6) foot social distancing cannot b e
achieved
The item is presented to City Council for action. The current ordinance will expire
September 8th. City Council is provided with healthcare insight of local conditions.
Based on this information and business/residential concerns, Council is asked to
approve the extension and amendments. The summary of the recent COVID triggers is
attached.
Legal Consideration:
None.
Financial Consideration:
None.
Options:
The City Council has the following options:
1. Approve as presented
2. Amend
3. Deny
4. Do nothing
Staff recommends approval of the ordinance extension and any additional amendments.
Supporting Documentation:
1. Resolution
2. Ordinance
3. Summary of COVID Triggers
Ordinance 20-017
An Ordinance Amending Ordinance 20-010 to Extend the Provisions
Regarding a Public Health Crisis and to Revise Certain Measures which have
been deemed necessary to slow the Community Spread of Coronavirus (COVID-
19) in the City of Brookings, South Dakota.
Be It Ordained and Enacted by the Council of the City of Brookings, State of South
Dakota, as follows:
I.
That Ordinance 20-010 is amended to extend the period Ordinance 20 -010 is effective,
and accordingly Section 9 is amended as follows:
Ordinance 20-010 shall remain in effect for an additional period of sixty
(60) days, at which time it shall be automatically repealed unless
specifically readopted for an additional period of time by the City Council.
Any dates identified in this ordinance may be adjusted at any time within
the sixty (60) day period covered by this ordinance.
II.
Any or all ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby repealed.
First Reading: August 25, 2020
Second Reading: September 2, 2020
Published:
CITY OF BROOKINGS, SOUTH DAKOTA
Keith W. Corbett, Mayor
ATTEST:
Bonnie Foster, City Clerk
For week ending August 28, 2020
Summary of Brookings COVID-19 Public Health Thresholds
Week Ending 8/28/2020
1. Is the epidemic controlled? No
2. Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases that may arise after adapting some
measures? Yes
3. Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage the cases and their contacts, and
identify a resurgence of cases in Brookings?
a. Mitigation Level: No
b. Suppression Level: No
c. Approximate time to receive test results: about 1-2 days
DATA:
1. Is the epidemic controlled? Rt evaluated weekly. If Rt is <1.0 for 14 days or longer this would be a ‘yes’,
otherwise it would be a ‘no’.
Rt has exceeded 1.0 for the last 14 days. Below are the Rt based on number of cases in Brookings for 106
days ending on 8/28/20.
Rt for the most recent 14 days (based on data from the previous week):
Based on Data for Week Ending: Brookings South Dakota
8/15 1.31 1.07
8/16 1.17 1.10
8/17 1.12 1.13
8/18 1.09 1.17
8/19 1.24 1.18
8/20 1.40 1.25
8/21 1.45 1.33
8/22 1.37 1.55
8/23 1.62 1.49
8/24 1.78 1.53
8/25 2.24 1.54
8/26 2.52 1.71
8/27 2.74 1.88
8/28 2.94 1.93
Notes:
• The closer Rt is to 0, the sooner transmission control will be attained.
• Super spreader events are not predicted by Rt and can rapidly affect transmission trajectories.
|--------- June -------|-------- July --------|---- August ----
-August
For week ending August 28, 2020
2. Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases that may arise after adapting
some measures? Evaluate hospital bed and ICU availability and determine whether an increase of
20% in the number of cases can be absorbed within the health system. If health system can absorb
increase than ‘yes’, otherwise ‘no’.
Yes. The number of new cases in Brookings reported for the seven days up to and including 8/28/20
was 68. Adding an additional 20% is 82. Brookings Health System has a surge capacity of 80 beds
and the personnel to easily handle 45 beds. Based on the current numbers of hospitalizations per
day (statewide 7-day running average of 6.7), it is felt that the Brookings Health System can
handle the anticipated number of possible admissions.
3. Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage the cases and their contacts, and
identify a resurgence of cases? Evaluate whether the mitigation and suppression levels of testing are
being met.
Mitigation level of testing uses the total number of tests completed in Brookings in the previous
seven days and determines whether it is equal to or greater than the total number of new cases
identified plus ten times the number of new cases. The number of tests completed does not include
targeted testing (i.e., public health surveillance or sentinel testing in nursing homes or on campus).
Suppression level of testing is being met when the percentage of positive test results in the previous
seven days is equal to or less than 3.0%. If mitigation and suppression levels of testing are being met
than this would be ‘yes’, otherwise it would be ‘no’.
Mitigation & Suppression Levels of Testing. Testing data for the previous seven days:
Total # of
cases
Ten times
number of
new cases:
Tests needed to meet
mitigation level:
Tests completed
(mitigation):
% Test
Positivity
(suppression)
Brookings Health System Dashboard as of 8/25/20:*
Brookings 68 680 748 409 18.1%
South Dakota Department of Health Dashboard as of 8/28/20:**
Brookings 68 680 748 279 25.4%
South Dakota 1,633 16,330 17,963 7,310 22.3%
* Brookings data are based on number of tests completed, not the number of people tested. Data for a
particular date are not reported until all test results are back.
** Includes sentinel surveillance tests (e.g., nursing homes, first responders, etc.) and is based on number
of people tested, not the number of tests.
Approximate time to receive test results as of 8/28/20 (Brookings): 1-2 days
For week ending August 28, 2020
Brookings COVID-19 Thresholds
Overview of Public Health Criteria Used to Control Transmission of COVID-19
The World Health Organization (WHO) uses three criteria for consideration in adjusting public health
and social measures related to COVID-19 and suggests measures that can be used for evaluating these
criteria1:
1. Epidemiology - Is the epidemic controlled?
2. Health System Capacity - Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases
that may arise after adapting some measures?
3. Public Health Surveillance - Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage
the cases and their contacts, and identify a resurgence of cases?
The various measures suggested by the WHO for evaluating the above criteria are given at the end of
this summary as an Appendix. The ones given below are those that are locally available.
Epidemiology
The key measure for assessing whether the epidemic is controlled is the effective reproduction number
(Rt). Rt represents the number of secondary cases for each infectious case and a value below 1 is the
best indication that the epidemic is controlled and declining. The closer Rt is to 0, the sooner
transmission control will be attained. The Rt depends on factors related to the number of susceptible
individuals and their potential contact with infectious persons. It should be noted that superspreader
events are not predicted by Rt and can rapidly affect transmission trajectories.
A Rt of less than 1 for at least two weeks is used to indicate the epidemic is controlled. An algorithm is
available that will calculate an estimate for Rt if case surveillance data are available.2
Brookings Measure: Is the epidemic controlled? Rt evaluated weekly. If Rt is <1.0 for 14 days or
longer this would be a ‘yes’, otherwise it would be a ‘no’.
Health System Capacity
A key measure for assessing whether the health system is able to cope with a resurgence of cases is that
the number of new cases requiring hospitalization is smaller than the estimated maximum hospital and
ICU bed capacity of the health system (i.e. the health system can cope with new hospitalizations without
becoming overwhelmed while maintaining delivery of essential health services). One of the criteria used
is that the health system can absorb or expand to cope with at least a 20% increase in COVID-19 case
load.
Brookings Measure: Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases that
may arise after adapting some measures? Evaluate hospital bed and ICU availability and determine
whether an increase of 20% in the number of cases can be absorbed within the health system. If
health system can absorb increase than ‘yes’, otherwise ‘no’.
1 https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/public-health-criteria-to-adjust-public-health-and-social-measures-in-the-context-
of-covid-19
2 https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/178/9/1505/89262
For week ending August 28, 2020
Public Health Surveillance
There are several criteria listed under public health surveillance, including surveillance systems, case
investigation and contact tracing. Many of these measures are not known at a county level; however,
the number of tests and test positivity are known. The Harvard Global Health Institute has established
targets for assessing the adequacy of testing at both the mitigation level and the suppression level:3
Mitigation level testing: Mitigation focuses on reducing the spread of the virus through broad testing of
symptomatic people, tracing and testing a recommended 10 contacts per new case, isolating positive
contacts, social distancing, mask-wearing or stay-at-home orders as necessary. Testing targets for
mitigation is set as the sum of symptomatic cases and 10 times the number of cases (to cover the
contacts) and does not include targeted testing (sentinel testing of nursing homes, schools, etc.).
Suppression level testing: Suppression allows a community to quickly find and isolate new cases before
they lead to a wider outbreak, with an aim of keeping new case levels at or near zero. A test positivity
rate of 3% or less can be used as an indicator of progress towards suppression level testing. Suppression
level testing requires testing of asymptomatic people in high-risk environments including nursing homes,
colleges, etc.
Brookings Measure: Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage the cases
and their contacts, and identify a resurgence of cases? Evaluate whether mitigation and suppression
levels of testing are being met using the total number of tests completed and test positivity in
Brookings during the previous week and approximate length of time for test results to received back
in the clinics.
For mitigation level of testing the number of tests completed should be equal to or greater than the
total number of new cases identified plus ten times the number of new cases. For suppression level
testing, the test positivity should be 3% or less.
It will be noted whether the mitigation and suppression levels of testing are being met, as well as
the approximate length of time between samples being submitted by local labs and test results
being received.
Additional notes
Caveats regarding the data:
• The number of cases by day that are used in calculating Rt are based on the numbers posted to
the SDDOH dashboard. These dates are not the date symptoms appeared and not necessarily
the date the test sample was obtained or the test was conducted; they are the date that the test
results were reported to SDDOH. This is the best information that is available.
• The number of tests conducted in Brookings are not the number of individuals tested, but the
number of tests performed, which may include repeated testing of the same individual.
Committee Members: Bonny Specker, MS, PhD (epidemiologist), Chris Chase, DVM, PhD (virologist),
Gary Gackstetter, DVM, MPH, PhD (epidemiologist), Amy Hockett, RN (Sanford Brookings Clinic
Manager), Adam Hoppe, PhD (cell biologist, immunologist), Victor Huber, PhD (virologist, immunologist),
Jason Merkley (President, Brookings Health System), Natalie Thiex, MPH, PhD (epidemiologist,
toxicologist), Xiuging Wang, PhD (virologist, cell biologist)
3 https://globalepidemics.org/testing-targets/
For week ending August 28, 2020
APPENDIX: Criteria recommended by the WHO4
Table 1. WHO Criteria for Epidemiological Control
Epidemiological Criteria Explanation
Decline of at least 50% over a 3-week period since the
latest peak and continuous decline in the observed
incidence of confirmed and probable cases °
This indicates a decline in transmission equivalent to a halving time of
three weeks or less since the latest peak, when the testing strategy is
maintained or strengthened to test a greater % of suspected cases.
Less than 5% of samples positive for COVID-19, at least
for the last 2 weeks, ° assuming that surveillance for
suspected cases is comprehensive
The % positive samples can be interpreted only with comprehensive
surveillance and testing of suspect cases, in the order of 1/1000
population/week
Less than 5% of samples positive for COVID-19, at least
for the last 2 weeks°, among influenza-like-illness (ILI)
samples tested at sentinel surveillance sites
Through ILI sentinel surveillance, a low % of positive samples indicates
low community transmission*
At least 80% of cases are from contact lists and can be
linked to known clusters
This indicates that most transmission chains have been identified,
offering the opportunity for follow-up. This may be limited by the fact
that the information will certainly not have been collected at the height
of the epidemic.
Decline in the number of deaths among confirmed and
probable cases at least for the last 3 weeks °
This will indicate, with an approximately 3-week lag-time, that the total
number of cases is decreasing. If testing has decreased, then the
number of deaths in probable cases will be more accurate.
Continuous decline in the number of hospitalization and
ICU admissions of confirmed and probable cases at least
for the last 2 weeks°
This indicates, with an approximately 1-week lag-time and providing
that the criteria for hospitalization have not changed, a decline in the
number of cases.
Decline in the age-stratified excess mortality due to
pneumonia
When pneumonia cases cannot be systematically tested, a decline in
the mortality of pneumonia would indirectly indicate a reduction in the
excess mortality due to COVID-19.
* Trend evaluation requires that no changes occurred in testing or measurement strategy
° 2-week period corresponds to the maximum incubation period and is the minimum period on which to assess changes in trends.
Table 2. WHO Criteria for Health System Capacity
Health System Criteria Explanation
All COVID-19 patients can be managed according to
national standard
This indicates that the health system has returned to a state where all
conditions (staff, beds, drugs, equipment, etc.) are there to provide the
same standard of care that existed before the crisis.
All other patients with a severe non-COVID-19 condition
can be managed according to national standard
There is no increase in intra-hospital mortality due to
non-COVID-19 conditions
The health system can absorb or can expand to cope
with at least a 20% increase in COVID-19 case load
This indicates that the system would be sustainable even if it had to
absorb a surge in cases resulting from loosening public health and social
measures. This includes sufficient staff, equipment, beds, etc.
An Infection, Prevention and Control (IPC) focal point is
available in all health facilities (1 full-time trained IPC
focal point per 250 beds) and at district level
This indicates strong capacity for coordination, supervision and training
on IPC activities, including in primary health facilities.
All health facilities have screening for COVID-19 This is for ensuring that all patients who come to a facility are assessed
for COVID-19 in order to prevent health associated infections.
All acute health facilities have a mechanism for isolating
people with suspected COVID-19
The health system has sufficient capacity to isolate all patients with
COVID-19
4 https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/public-health-criteria-to-adjust-public-health-and-social-measures-in-the-context-
of-covid-19
For week ending August 28, 2020
Table 3. WHO Criteria for Public Health Surveillance
Public Health Surveillance Criteria Explanation
Public Health Surveillance Systems
New cases can be identified, reported, and data
included in epidemiological analysis within 24 hours
A surveillance system for COVID-19 is in place that is geographically
comprehensive and covers all persons and communities at risk.
Comprehensive surveillance includes surveillance at the community level,
primary care level, in hospitals, and through sentinel surveillance sites for
influenza and other respiratory diseases, where they exist.
Immediate reporting of probable and confirmed cases
of COVID-19 is mandated within national notifiable
disease with requirements
This indicates that appropriate public health policies are in place for
immediate notification of cases of COVID-19 from all health facilities.
Enhanced surveillance is implemented in closed
residential settings and for vulnerable groups
This indicates that public health authorities have identified populations
who live in residential settings or are vulnerable and that enhanced
surveillance is put in place for these populations.
Mortality surveillance is conducted for COVID-19
related deaths in hospitals and in the community
This indicates the ability to rapidly and reliably track the number of deaths
related to COVID-19. Where possible, medical certificate of death for
COVID-19 deaths should be issued. Other approaches for mortality
surveillance may be considered, such as reports from religious centres or
burial sites.
The total number of laboratory tests conducted for
COVID-19 virus is reported each day
Knowing the testing denominator can indicate the level of surveillance
activity and the proportion of tests positive can indicate the intensity of
transmission among symptomatic individuals.
Case Investigation
Public health rapid response teams are functional at all
appropriate administrative levels
A measure of the capability to rapidly investigate cases and clusters of
COVID-19.
90% of suspect cases are isolated and
confirmed/released within 48 hours of symptom onset
This indicates that investigation and isolation of new cases is sufficiently
rapid to minimize the generation of secondary cases.
Contact Tracing
At least 80% of new cases have their close contacts
traced and in quarantine within 72 hours of case
confirmation
These indicate that the capacity to conduct contact tracing is sufficient for
the number of cases and contacts.
At least 80% of contacts of new cases are monitored
for 14 days
Contacts should be contacted each day during the 14-day period and
ideally no more than two days should elapse without feedback from a
contact.
Information and data management systems are in
place to manage contact tracing and other related
data
While contact tracing data can be managed on paper at a small scale, large-
scale contact tracing can be supported by electronic tools such as the
Go.Data contact tracing software.
City of Brookings
Staff Report
Brookings City & County
Government Center, 520
Third Street
Brookings, SD 57006
(605) 692-6281 phone
(605) 692-6907 fax
File #:ORD 20-019,Version:2
Second Reading and Action on Ordinance 20-019, an Ordinance to Revise Certain Measures Which
Have Been Deemed Necessary to Slow the Community Spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the
City of Brookings, South Dakota.
Summary:
Brookings COVID numbers have increased dramatically. The guiding metrics have all been triggered
with the exception of hospitalization. The current Ordinance (Phase 3) regulates bars, restaurants,
salons, and retail and was extended at the September 2nd meeting. Additional regulations are
needed to mitigate the increase in cases. Staff recommends approval of Ordinance 20-019 which
requires masks for city-permitted events and inside business / public places when six feet social
distancing cannot be achieved.
Background:
The City of Brookings is currently under Phase 3. On Thursday, the seven-day positive rate was
35.4%. The desired rate is 5%. As of Friday, Brookings County had 431 cases with 248 recovered or
183 active. There has been substantial increases in the past two weeks.
Thresholds and metrics were provided as guidance for Council and the public of existing conditions.
This information is provided by local professionals and weighs metrics such as test positive rates,
health care capacity, testing scope and mitigation measures. As of the last report, the only metric
met was the capacity of hospitalization available.
Recommendation:
Staff recommends approval.
Attachments:
Memo
Ordinance 9/8/2020 clean
Ordinance 9/8/2020 marked
Ordinance 9/2/2020
Summary of COVID Triggers
City of Brookings Printed on 12/2/2020Page 1 of 1
powered by Legistar™
City Council Agenda Memo
From: Paul Briseno, City Manager
Council Meeting: September 2, 2020
Subject: COVID Ordinance 20-019
Person(s) Responsible: Paul Briseno, City Manager
Summary:
Brookings COVID numbers have increased dramatically. The guiding metrics have all
been triggered with the exception of hospitalization. The current Ordinance (Phase 3)
regulates bars, restaurants, salons, and retail and was extended at the September 2nd
meeting. Additional regulations are needed to mitigate the increase in cases. Staff
recommends approval of Ordinance 20-019 which requires masks for city-permitted
events and inside business / public places when six feet social distancing cannot be
achieved.
Background:
The City of Brookings is currently under Phase 3. On Thursday, the seven-day positive
rate was 35.4%. The desired rate is 5%. As of Friday, Brookings County had 431
cases with 248 recovered or 183 active. There has been substantial increases in the
past two weeks.
Thresholds and metrics were provided as guidance for Council and the public of existing
conditions. This information is provided by local professionals and weighs metrics such
as test positive rates, health care capacity, testing scope and mitigation measures. As
of the last report, the only metric met was the capacity of hospitalization available.
Item Details:
Current conditions warrant additional measures to the COVID19 Phase Three (3)
Ordinance. Criteria of test positive rates, health care capacity, testing scope, capacity
and mitigation ability should be considered when evaluating additional regulations
designed to curb the spread. Specific language for consideration include:
Require masks for events that require a city permit where six (6) foot social
distancing cannot be achieved
Require masks in all public places where six (6) foot social distancing cannot be
achieved
The item is presented to City Council for action. The current ordinance regulates bars,
restaurants, salons, and retail. The existing ordinance also requires employees of
certain businesses to wear masks. City Council is provided with healthcare insight of
local conditions. Based on this information and business/residential concerns, Council
is asked to approve Ordinance 20-019. The summary of the recent COVID triggers is
attached.
Legal Consideration:
None.
Financial Consideration:
None.
Options and Recommendation:
The City Council has the following options:
1. Approve as presented
2. Amend
3. Refer to a Study Session
4. Deny
5. Do nothing
Staff recommends approval of the ordinance extension and any additional amendments.
Supporting Documentation:
Memo
Ordinance 9/8/2020 clean
Ordinance 9/8/2020 marked
Ordinance 9/2/2020
Summary of COVID Triggers
Ordinance 20-019
An Ordinance Amending Ordinance 20-010 to Revise Certain Measures
Which Have Been Deemed Necessary to Slow the Community Spread of
Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the City of Brookings, South Dakota.
Be It Ordained And Enacted By The Council Of The City Of Brookings, State Of South
Dakota, As Follows:
I.
That Ordinance 20-010 is also amended as follows:
Section 2 of Ordinance 20-010 is amended to include the following Section 2(x):
2(x). Masks Required at City-Sanctioned Events. Masks which cover a
person’s nose and mouth are required for all persons attending or
working at events which require a City permit when a minimum six-foot
distance cannot be maintained or achieved.
That Ordinance 20-010 is amended to include the following Section 12:
12. Face Masks/Face Coverings Required. Within the City of
Brookings, all persons except those under the age of five (5) and those
with a medical condition, mental health condition, or disability that
makes it unreasonable for the individual to maintain a face covering,
must wear a face mask/face covering in indoor businesses and indoor
public places where six (6) foot social distancing cannot be achieved or
maintained. A “face covering” or “mask” must be worn to cover the
nose and mouth completely, and can include a paper or disposable
face mask, a cloth mask, a scarf, a bandanna, or neck gaiter.
II.
Any or all ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby repealed.
First Reading: September 2, 2020
Second Reading: September 8, 2020
Published:
CITY OF BROOKINGS, SD
Keith W. Corbett, Mayor
ATTEST:
Bonnie Foster, City Clerk
Ordinance 20-019
An Ordinance Amending Ordinance 20-010 to Revise Certain Measures
Which Have Been Deemed Necessary to Slow the Community Spread of
Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the City of Brookings, South Dakota.
Be It Ordained And Enacted By The Council Of The City Of Brookings, State Of South
Dakota, As Follows:
I.
That Ordinance 20-010 is also amended as follows:
Section 7 of Ordinance 20-010 is amended to include the following Section 7(a):
7(a). Social Gatherings Restricted. All indoor and outdoor social
gatherings of more than 10 people within residential dwelling units and
the lots they are located upon are prohibited. Social gatherings are
groups of individuals who are not members of the same residential
dwelling unit, congregated together both within a dwelling and upon the
real property a residential dwelling unit is located upon, for a common
or coordinated social, community or leisure purpose, even if social
distancing can be maintained. This prohibition includes planned and
spontaneous gatherings as well as public and private gatherings within
residential dwellings in the City of Brookings and the real property they
are located upon. Gatherings of more than 10 persons who are related
by blood or law (as defined in §94-1 of the Brookings Code of
Ordinances) shall be permitted notwithstanding this provision.
Section 2(c) of Ordinance 20-010 is amended to include the following Section 2(c)(i):
2(c)(i). Hours of Alcoholic Beverage Sales and Consumption During
Pandemic. No on-sale or off-sale alcoholic beverage licensee may sell,
serve, or allow to be consumed on the premises covered by the
license, any alcoholic beverages between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and
7:00 a.m. on Thursday, Friday and Saturday. This requirement does
not require the licensee to close, but rather prohibits the sale of
alcoholic beverages after 10:00 p.m. on Thursday, Friday and
Saturday.
Section 2 of Ordinance 20-010 is amended to include the following Section 2(x):
2(x). Masks Required at City-Sanctioned Events. Masks which cover a
person’s nose and mouth are required for all persons attending or
working at events which require a City permit when a minimum six-foot
distance cannot be maintained or achieved.
That Ordinance 20-010 is amended to include the following Section 12:
12. Face Masks/Face Coverings Required. Within the City of
Brookings, all persons except those under the age of five (5) and those
with a medical condition, mental health condition, or disability that
makes it unreasonable for the individual to mainta in a face covering,
must wear a face mask/face covering in indoor businesses and indoor
public places where six (6) foot social distancing cannot be achieved or
maintained. A “face covering” or “mask” must be worn to cover the
nose and mouth completely, and can include a paper or disposable
face mask, a cloth mask, a scarf, a bandanna, or neck gaiter.
II.
Any or all ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby repealed.
First Reading: September 2, 2020
Second Reading: September 8, 2020
Published:
CITY OF BROOKINGS, SD
Keith W. Corbett, Mayor
ATTEST:
Bonnie Foster, City Clerk
Ordinance 20-019
An Ordinance Amending Ordinance 20-010 to Revise Certain Measures
Which Have Been Deemed Necessary to Slow the Community Spread of
Coronavirus (Covid-19) in the City of Brookings, South Dakota.
Be It Ordained and Enacted by the Council of the City of Brookings, State of South
Dakota, as follows:
I.
That Ordinance 20-010 is also amended as follows:
Section 7 of Ordinance 20-010 is amended to include the following Section 7(a):
7(a). Social Gatherings Restricted. All indoor and outdoor social
gatherings of more than 10 people within residential dwelling units and
the lots they are located upon are prohibited. Social gatherings are
groups of individuals who are not members of the same residential
dwelling unit, congregated together both within a dwelling and upon the
real property a residential dwelling unit is located upon, for a common
or coordinated social, community or leisure purpose, even if social
distancing can be maintained. This prohibition includes planned and
spontaneous gatherings as well as public and private gatherings within
residential dwellings in the City of Brookings and the real property they
are located upon. Gatherings of more than 10 persons who are related
by blood or law (as defined in §94-1 of the Brookings Code of
Ordinances) shall be permitted notwithstanding this provision.
Section 2(c) of Ordinance 20-010 is amended to include the following Section 2(c)(i):
2(c)(i). Hours of Alcoholic Beverage Sales and Consumption During
Pandemic. No on-sale or off-sale alcoholic beverage licensee may sell,
serve, or allow to be consumed on the premises covered by the
license, any alcoholic beverages between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and
7:00 a.m. on Thursday, Friday and Saturday. This requirement does
not require the licensee to close, but rather prohibits the sale of
alcoholic beverages after 10:00 p.m. on Thursday, Friday and
Saturday.
Section 2 of Ordinance 20-010 is amended to include the following Section 2(x):
2(x). Masks Required at City-Sanctioned Events. Masks which cover a
person’s nose and mouth are required for all persons attending or
working at events which require a City permit when a minimum six-foot
distance cannot be maintained or achieved.
That Ordinance 20-010 is amended to include the following Section 12:
12. Face Masks/Face Coverings Required. Within the City of
Brookings, all persons except those under the age of five (5) and those
with a medical condition, mental health condition, or disability that
makes it unreasonable for the individual to mainta in a face covering,
must wear a face mask/face covering in indoor businesses and indoor
public places where six (6) foot social distancing cannot be achieved or
maintained. A “face covering” or “mask” must be worn to cover the
nose and mouth completely, and can include a paper or disposable
face mask, a cloth mask, a scarf, a bandanna, or neck gaiter.
II.
Any or all ordinances in conflict herewith are hereby repealed.
First Reading: September 2, 2020
Second Reading:
Published:
CITY OF BROOKINGS, SD
Keith W. Corbett, Mayor
ATTEST:
Bonnie Foster, City Clerk
For week ending September 4, 2020
Summary of Brookings COVID-19 Public Health Thresholds
Week Ending 9/4/2020
1. Is the epidemic controlled? No
2. Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases that may arise after adapting some
measures? Yes
3. Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage the cases and their contacts, and
identify a resurgence of cases in Brookings?
a. Mitigation Level: No
b. Suppression Level: No
c. Approximate time to receive test results: about 2-3 days
DATA:
1. Is the epidemic controlled? Rt evaluated weekly. If Rt is <1.0 for 14 days or longer this would be a ‘yes’,
otherwise it would be a ‘no’.
Rt has exceeded 1.0 for the last 14 days. Below are the Rt based on number of cases in Brookings for 106
days ending on 9/4/20.
Rt for the most recent 14 days (based on data from the prior week):
Based on Data for Week Ending: Brookings South Dakota
8/22 1.37 1.54
8/23 1.62 1.48
8/24 1.78 1.53
8/25 2.24 1.54
8/26 2.52 1.69
8/27 2.74 1.87
8/28 2.94 1.92
8/29 3.55 2.00
8/30 4.16 2.11
8/31 3.80 1.99
9/1 3.41 1.91
9/2 3.02 1.72
9/3 2.99 1.56
9/4 2.74 1.39
Notes:
• The closer Rt is to 0, the sooner transmission control will be attained.
• Super spreader events are not predicted by Rt and can rapidly affect transmission trajectories.
|--------- June -------|-------- July --------|----- August ----|
For week ending September 4, 2020
2. Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases that may arise after adapting
some measures? Evaluate hospital bed and ICU availability and determine whether an increase of
20% in the number of cases can be absorbed within the health system. If health system can absorb
increase than ‘yes’, otherwise ‘no’.
Yes. The number of new cases in Brookings reported for the seven days up to and including 9/4/20
was 191. Adding an additional 20% is 229. Statewide, 7.5% of cases have been hospitalized as of
9/1/20. Assuming that a similar hospitalization rate is observed in Brookings, it is estimated that
there will be 229 cases * 7.5% hospitalization = 17 hospitalizations in the near future. Brookings
Health System has a surge capacity of 80 beds and the personnel to easily handle 45 beds. Based on
current census, Brookings Health System felt they could handle the anticipated number of
admissions (n=17).
3. Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage the cases and their contacts, and
identify a resurgence of cases? Evaluate whether the mitigation and suppression levels of testing are
being met.
Mitigation level of testing uses the total number of tests completed in Brookings in the previous
seven days and determines whether it is equal to or greater than the total number of new cases
identified plus ten times the number of new cases. The number of tests completed does not include
targeted testing (i.e., public health surveillance or sentinel testing in nursing homes or on campus).
Suppression level of testing is being met when the percentage of positive test results in the previous
seven days is equal to or less than 3.0%. If mitigation and suppression levels of testing are being met
than this would be ‘yes’, otherwise it would be ‘no’.
Mitigation & Suppression Levels of Testing. Testing data for the previous seven days:
Total # of
cases
Ten times
number of
new cases:
Tests needed to meet
mitigation level:
Tests completed
(mitigation):
% Test
Positivity
(suppression)
Brookings Health System Dashboard as of 8/31/20:*
Brookings 191 1910 2,101 633 35.4%
South Dakota Department of Health Dashboard as of 9/4/20:**
Brookings 191 1910 2,101 406 47.0%
South Dakota 2,079 20,790 22,869 9,353 26.7%
* Brookings data are based on number of tests completed, not the number of people tested. Data for a
particular date are not reported until all test results are back.
** Includes sentinel surveillance tests (e.g., nursing homes, first responders, etc.) and is based on number
of people tested, not the number of tests.
Approximate time to receive test results as of 9/4/20 (Brookings): 2-3 days
For week ending September 4, 2020
Brookings COVID-19 Thresholds
Overview of Public Health Criteria Used to Control Transmission of COVID-19
The World Health Organization (WHO) uses three criteria for consideration in adjusting public health
and social measures related to COVID-19 and suggests measures that can be used for evaluating these
criteria1:
1. Epidemiology - Is the epidemic controlled?
2. Health System Capacity - Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases
that may arise after adapting some measures?
3. Public Health Surveillance - Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage
the cases and their contacts, and identify a resurgence of cases?
The various measures suggested by the WHO for evaluating the above criteria are given at the end of
this summary as an Appendix. The ones given below are those that are locally available.
Epidemiology
The key measure for assessing whether the epidemic is controlled is the effective reproduction number
(Rt). Rt represents the number of secondary cases for each infectious case and a value below 1 is the
best indication that the epidemic is controlled and declining. The closer Rt is to 0, the sooner
transmission control will be attained. The Rt depends on factors related to the number of susceptible
individuals and their potential contact with infectious persons. It should be noted that superspreader
events are not predicted by Rt and can rapidly affect transmission trajectories.
A Rt of less than 1 for at least two weeks is used to indicate the epidemic is controlled. An algorithm is
available that will calculate an estimate for Rt if case surveillance data are available.2
Brookings Measure: Is the epidemic controlled? Rt evaluated weekly. If Rt is <1.0 for 14 days or
longer this would be a ‘yes’, otherwise it would be a ‘no’.
Health System Capacity
A key measure for assessing whether the health system is able to cope with a resurgence of cases is that
the number of new cases requiring hospitalization is smaller than the estimated maximum hospital and
ICU bed capacity of the health system (i.e. the health system can cope with new hospitalizations without
becoming overwhelmed while maintaining delivery of essential health services). One of the criteria used
is that the health system can absorb or expand to cope with at least a 20% increase in COVID-19 case
load.
Brookings Measure: Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases that
may arise after adapting some measures? Evaluate hospital bed and ICU availability and determine
whether an increase of 20% in the number of cases can be absorbed within the health system. If
health system can absorb increase than ‘yes’, otherwise ‘no’.
1 https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/public-health-criteria-to-adjust-public-health-and-social-measures-in-the-context-
of-covid-19
2 https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/178/9/1505/89262
For week ending September 4, 2020
Public Health Surveillance
There are several criteria listed under public health surveillance, including surveillance systems, case
investigation and contact tracing. Many of these measures are not known at a county level; however,
the number of tests and test positivity are known. The Harvard Global Health Institute has established
targets for assessing the adequacy of testing at both the mitigation level and the suppression level:3
Mitigation level testing: Mitigation focuses on reducing the spread of the virus through broad testing of
symptomatic people, tracing and testing a recommended 10 contacts per new case, isolating positive
contacts, social distancing, mask-wearing or stay-at-home orders as necessary. Testing targets for
mitigation is set as the sum of symptomatic cases and 10 times the number of cases (to cover the
contacts) and does not include targeted testing (sentinel testing of nursing homes, schools, etc.).
Suppression level testing: Suppression allows a community to quickly find and isolate new cases before
they lead to a wider outbreak, with an aim of keeping new case levels at or near zero. A test positivity
rate of 3% or less can be used as an indicator of progress towards suppression level testing. Suppression
level testing requires testing of asymptomatic people in high-risk environments including nursing homes,
colleges, etc.
Brookings Measure: Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage the cases
and their contacts, and identify a resurgence of cases? Evaluate whether mitigation and suppression
levels of testing are being met using the total number of tests completed and test positivity in
Brookings during the previous week and approximate length of time for test results to received back
in the clinics.
For mitigation level of testing the number of tests completed should be equal to or greater than the
total number of new cases identified plus ten times the number of new cases. For suppression level
testing, the test positivity should be 3% or less.
It will be noted whether the mitigation and suppression levels of testing are being met, as well as
the approximate length of time between samples being submitted by local labs and test results
being received.
Additional notes
Caveats regarding the data:
• The number of cases by day that are used in calculating Rt are based on the numbers posted to
the SDDOH dashboard. These dates are not the date symptoms appeared and not necessarily
the date the test sample was obtained or the test was conducted; they are the date that the test
results were reported to SDDOH. This is the best information that is available.
• The number of tests conducted in Brookings are not the number of individuals tested, but the
number of tests performed, which may include repeated testing of the same individual.
Committee Members: Bonny Specker, MS, PhD (epidemiologist), Chris Chase, DVM, PhD (virologist),
Gary Gackstetter, DVM, MPH, PhD (epidemiologist), Amy Hockett, RN (Sanford Brookings Clinic
Manager), Adam Hoppe, PhD (cell biologist, immunologist), Victor Huber, PhD (virologist, immunologist),
Jason Merkley (President, Brookings Health System), Natalie Thiex, MPH, PhD (epidemiologist,
toxicologist), Xiuging Wang, PhD (virologist, cell biologist)
3 https://globalepidemics.org/testing-targets/
For week ending September 4, 2020
APPENDIX: Criteria recommended by the WHO4
Table 1. WHO Criteria for Epidemiological Control
Epidemiological Criteria Explanation
Decline of at least 50% over a 3-week period since the
latest peak and continuous decline in the observed
incidence of confirmed and probable cases °
This indicates a decline in transmission equivalent to a halving time of
three weeks or less since the latest peak, when the testing strategy is
maintained or strengthened to test a greater % of suspected cases.
Less than 5% of samples positive for COVID-19, at least
for the last 2 weeks, ° assuming that surveillance for
suspected cases is comprehensive
The % positive samples can be interpreted only with comprehensive
surveillance and testing of suspect cases, in the order of 1/1000
population/week
Less than 5% of samples positive for COVID-19, at least
for the last 2 weeks°, among influenza-like-illness (ILI)
samples tested at sentinel surveillance sites
Through ILI sentinel surveillance, a low % of positive samples indicates
low community transmission*
At least 80% of cases are from contact lists and can be
linked to known clusters
This indicates that most transmission chains have been identified,
offering the opportunity for follow-up. This may be limited by the fact
that the information will certainly not have been collected at the height
of the epidemic.
Decline in the number of deaths among confirmed and
probable cases at least for the last 3 weeks °
This will indicate, with an approximately 3-week lag-time, that the total
number of cases is decreasing. If testing has decreased, then the
number of deaths in probable cases will be more accurate.
Continuous decline in the number of hospitalization and
ICU admissions of confirmed and probable cases at least
for the last 2 weeks°
This indicates, with an approximately 1-week lag-time and providing
that the criteria for hospitalization have not changed, a decline in the
number of cases.
Decline in the age-stratified excess mortality due to
pneumonia
When pneumonia cases cannot be systematically tested, a decline in
the mortality of pneumonia would indirectly indicate a reduction in the
excess mortality due to COVID-19.
* Trend evaluation requires that no changes occurred in testing or measurement strategy
° 2-week period corresponds to the maximum incubation period and is the minimum period on which to assess changes in trends.
Table 2. WHO Criteria for Health System Capacity
Health System Criteria Explanation
All COVID-19 patients can be managed according to
national standard
This indicates that the health system has returned to a state where all
conditions (staff, beds, drugs, equipment, etc.) are there to provide the
same standard of care that existed before the crisis.
All other patients with a severe non-COVID-19 condition
can be managed according to national standard
There is no increase in intra-hospital mortality due to
non-COVID-19 conditions
The health system can absorb or can expand to cope
with at least a 20% increase in COVID-19 case load
This indicates that the system would be sustainable even if it had to
absorb a surge in cases resulting from loosening public health and social
measures. This includes sufficient staff, equipment, beds, etc.
An Infection, Prevention and Control (IPC) focal point is
available in all health facilities (1 full-time trained IPC
focal point per 250 beds) and at district level
This indicates strong capacity for coordination, supervision and training
on IPC activities, including in primary health facilities.
All health facilities have screening for COVID-19 This is for ensuring that all patients who come to a facility are assessed
for COVID-19 in order to prevent health associated infections.
All acute health facilities have a mechanism for isolating
people with suspected COVID-19
The health system has sufficient capacity to isolate all patients with
COVID-19
4 https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/public-health-criteria-to-adjust-public-health-and-social-measures-in-the-context-
of-covid-19
For week ending September 4, 2020
Table 3. WHO Criteria for Public Health Surveillance
Public Health Surveillance Criteria Explanation
Public Health Surveillance Systems
New cases can be identified, reported, and data
included in epidemiological analysis within 24 hours
A surveillance system for COVID-19 is in place that is geographically
comprehensive and covers all persons and communities at risk.
Comprehensive surveillance includes surveillance at the community level,
primary care level, in hospitals, and through sentinel surveillance sites for
influenza and other respiratory diseases, where they exist.
Immediate reporting of probable and confirmed cases
of COVID-19 is mandated within national notifiable
disease with requirements
This indicates that appropriate public health policies are in place for
immediate notification of cases of COVID-19 from all health facilities.
Enhanced surveillance is implemented in closed
residential settings and for vulnerable groups
This indicates that public health authorities have identified populations
who live in residential settings or are vulnerable and that enhanced
surveillance is put in place for these populations.
Mortality surveillance is conducted for COVID-19
related deaths in hospitals and in the community
This indicates the ability to rapidly and reliably track the number of deaths
related to COVID-19. Where possible, medical certificate of death for
COVID-19 deaths should be issued. Other approaches for mortality
surveillance may be considered, such as reports from religious centres or
burial sites.
The total number of laboratory tests conducted for
COVID-19 virus is reported each day
Knowing the testing denominator can indicate the level of surveillance
activity and the proportion of tests positive can indicate the intensity of
transmission among symptomatic individuals.
Case Investigation
Public health rapid response teams are functional at all
appropriate administrative levels
A measure of the capability to rapidly investigate cases and clusters of
COVID-19.
90% of suspect cases are isolated and
confirmed/released within 48 hours of symptom onset
This indicates that investigation and isolation of new cases is sufficiently
rapid to minimize the generation of secondary cases.
Contact Tracing
At least 80% of new cases have their close contacts
traced and in quarantine within 72 hours of case
confirmation
These indicate that the capacity to conduct contact tracing is sufficient for
the number of cases and contacts.
At least 80% of contacts of new cases are monitored
for 14 days
Contacts should be contacted each day during the 14-day period and
ideally no more than two days should elapse without feedback from a
contact.
Information and data management systems are in
place to manage contact tracing and other related
data
While contact tracing data can be managed on paper at a small scale, large-
scale contact tracing can be supported by electronic tools such as the
Go.Data contact tracing software.
City of Brookings
Staff Report
Brookings City & County
Government Center, 520
Third Street
Brookings, SD 57006
(605) 692-6281 phone
(605) 692-6907 fax
File #:RES 20-072,Version:1
Action on Resolution 20-072, an Emergency Resolution of the City Council of the City of Brookings,
South Dakota, to address a public health crisis.
Summary:
Brookings COVID numbers have increased dramatically over the past week. The guiding metrics
have all been triggered with the exception of hospitalization. The current Ordinance (Phase 3)
regulates bars, restaurants, salons, and retail. Additional regulations is needed to mitigate the
increase in cases. Staff recommends extending the existing ordinance and necessary amendments
including regulating residential gatherings to ten or less and ceasing the sale of alcohol past 10 p.m.
Thursday - Saturday.
Background:
The City of Brookings is currently under Phase 3 with substantial conditions based on the past weeks
data. As of Monday the seven-day positive rate is 34%. The desired rate is 5%. As of Monday
Brookings County had 321 cases with 183 recovered or 138 active. This past week there have been
substantial increases.
At the last City Council meeting thresholds and metrics were provided as guidance for Council and
the public of existing conditions. This information is provided by local professionals and weighs
metrics such as test positive rates, health care capacity, testing scope and capacity. As of the last
report the only metric met was the capacity of hospitalization available.
The existing Ordinance is set to expire September 8th.
Fiscal Impact:
None.
Staff recommends approval of the Resolution.
Attachments:
Memo
Resolution
Summary of COVID Triggers
City of Brookings Printed on 12/2/2020Page 1 of 1
powered by Legistar™
City Council Agenda Memo
From: Paul Briseno, City Manager
Council Meeting: September 2, 2020
Subject: COVID Ordinance Amendments
Person(s) Responsible: Paul Briseno, City Manager
Summary:
Brookings COVID numbers have increased dramatically over the past week. The
guiding metrics have all been triggered with the exception of hospitalization. The current
Ordinance (Phase 3) regulates bars, restaurants, salons, and retail. Additional
regulations is needed to mitigate the increase in cases. Staff recommends extending
the existing ordinance and necessary amendments including regulating residential
gatherings to ten or less and ceasing the sale of alcohol past 10 p.m. Thursday -
Saturday.
Background:
The City of Brookings is currently under Phase 3 with substantial conditions based on
the past weeks data. As of Monday the seven-day positive rate is 34%. The desired
rate is 5%. As of Monday Brookings County had 321 cases with 183 recovere d or 138
active. This past week there have been substantial increases.
At the last City Council meeting thresholds and metrics were provided as guidance for
Council and the public of existing conditions. This information is provided by local
professionals and weighs metrics such as test positive rates, health care capacity,
testing scope and capacity. As of the last report the only metric met was the capacity of
hospitalization available.
The existing ordinance is set to expire September 8 th.
Discussion:
Current conditions warrant the extension of the COVID19 Phase 3 ordinance. Criteria
of test positive rates, health care capacity, testing scope and capacity as well as the
commencement of SDSU and the public schools should be considered in the
determination of necessary phases and amendments. Amendments for consideration
include:
Place restrictions on all residential gatherings larger than ten (10) people
Limit hours of bars and restaurants to 10 p.m. Thursday, Friday and Saturday
Limit the sale of alcohol to 10 p.m. Thursday, Friday and Saturday
Require masks for all events that require a permit where six (6) foot social
distancing cannot be achieved
Require masks in public places where six (6) foot social distancing cannot be
achieved
The item is presented to City Council for action. The current ordinance will expire
September 8th. City Council is provided with healthcare insight of local conditions.
Based on this information and business/residential concerns, Council is asked to
approve the extension and amendments. The summary of the recent COVID triggers is
attached.
Legal Consideration:
None.
Financial Consideration:
None.
Options:
The City Council has the following options:
1. Approve as presented
2. Amend
3. Deny
4. Do nothing
Staff recommends approval of the ordinance extension and any additional amendments.
Supporting Documentation:
1. Resolution
2. Ordinance
3. Summary of COVID Triggers
RESOLUTION 20-072
AN EMERGENCY RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
BROOKINGS, SOUTH DAKOTA, TO ADDRESS A PUBLIC HEALTH CRISIS.
WHEREAS, the City of Brookings has the authority pursuant to SDCL 9-29-1 and
SDCL 9-32-1 to pass resolutions and ordinances for the purpose of promoting the
health, safety, and general welfare of the community, and to do what may be necessary
for the promotion of health or the suppression of diseases; and
WHEREAS, pursuant to Ordinance 20-010, the City Council may by resolution
modify the mandatory closures and enact revised restrictions on public gatherings and
public movements it deems necessary to address the current public health emergency.
Any revised measures and restrictions, adopted by resolution shall be for a specific
duration and shall be periodically reviewed to ensure the continued necessity of such
restrictions or closures; and
WHEREAS, the following restrictions are necessary to address a public health
emergency and shall be effective upon passage of t his Resolution and until the
September 3, 2020 amendments to Ordinance 20-010 have been adopted;
NOW THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of
Brookings, South Dakota (the "City") as follows:
Social Gatherings Restricted. All indoor and outdoor social gatherings
of more than 10 people within residential dwelling units and the lots
they are located upon are prohibited. Social gatherings are groups of
individuals who are not members of the same residential dwelling unit,
congregated together both within a dwelling and upon the real property
a residential dwelling unit is located upon, for a common or
coordinated social, community or leisure purpose, even if social
distancing can be maintained. This prohibition includes planned and
spontaneous gatherings as well as public and private gatherings within
residential dwellings in the City of Brookings and the real property they
are located upon. Gatherings of more than 10 persons who are related
by blood or law (as defined in §94-1 of the Brookings Code of
Ordinances) shall be permitted notwithstanding this provision.
Hours of Alcoholic Beverage Sales and Consumption During
Pandemic. No on-sale or off-sale alcoholic beverage licensee may sell,
serve, or allow to be consumed on the premises covered by the
license, any alcoholic beverages between the hours of 10:00 p.m. and
7:00 a.m. on Thursday, Friday, and Saturday. This requirement does
not require the licensee to close, but rather prohibits the sale of
alcoholic beverages after 10:00 p.m. on Thursday, Friday, and
Saturday.
Masks Required at City-Sanctioned Events. Masks which cover a
person’s nose and mouth are required for all persons attending or
working at events which require a City permit when a minimum six-foot
distance cannot be maintained or achieved.
Face Masks/Face Coverings Required. Within the City of Brookings, all
persons except those under the age of five (5) and those with a
medical condition, mental health condition, or disability that makes it
unreasonable for the individual to maintain a face covering, must wear
a face mask/face covering in indoor businesses and indoor public
places where six (6) foot social distancing cannot be achieved or
maintained. A “face covering” or “mask” must be worn to cover the
nose and mouth completely, and can include a paper or disposable
face mask, a cloth mask, a scarf, a bandanna, or neck gaiter.
WHEREAS, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that, any violation of this resolution
shall constitute a violation of Section 7 of Ordinance 20 -010 and shall be subject to
penalty as provided in Section 1.8 of the Code of Ordinances of the City of Brookings;
and
WHEREAS, BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that, pursuant to SDCL 9-19-13, this
resolution is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, heal th,
safety and welfare of the City and shall become effective immediately upon passage,
Dated this ____ day of September, 2020.
CITY OF BROOKINGS
Keith Corbett, Mayor
ATTEST:
Bonnie Foster, City Clerk
For week ending August 28, 2020
Summary of Brookings COVID-19 Public Health Thresholds
Week Ending 8/28/2020
1. Is the epidemic controlled? No
2. Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases that may arise after adapting some
measures? Yes
3. Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage the cases and their contacts, and
identify a resurgence of cases in Brookings?
a. Mitigation Level: No
b. Suppression Level: No
c. Approximate time to receive test results: about 1-2 days
DATA:
1. Is the epidemic controlled? Rt evaluated weekly. If Rt is <1.0 for 14 days or longer this would be a ‘yes’,
otherwise it would be a ‘no’.
Rt has exceeded 1.0 for the last 14 days. Below are the Rt based on number of cases in Brookings for 106
days ending on 8/28/20.
Rt for the most recent 14 days (based on data from the previous week):
Based on Data for Week Ending: Brookings South Dakota
8/15 1.31 1.07
8/16 1.17 1.10
8/17 1.12 1.13
8/18 1.09 1.17
8/19 1.24 1.18
8/20 1.40 1.25
8/21 1.45 1.33
8/22 1.37 1.55
8/23 1.62 1.49
8/24 1.78 1.53
8/25 2.24 1.54
8/26 2.52 1.71
8/27 2.74 1.88
8/28 2.94 1.93
Notes:
• The closer Rt is to 0, the sooner transmission control will be attained.
• Super spreader events are not predicted by Rt and can rapidly affect transmission trajectories.
|--------- June -------|-------- July --------|---- August ----
-August
For week ending August 28, 2020
2. Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases that may arise after adapting
some measures? Evaluate hospital bed and ICU availability and determine whether an increase of
20% in the number of cases can be absorbed within the health system. If health system can absorb
increase than ‘yes’, otherwise ‘no’.
Yes. The number of new cases in Brookings reported for the seven days up to and including 8/28/20
was 68. Adding an additional 20% is 82. Brookings Health System has a surge capacity of 80 beds
and the personnel to easily handle 45 beds. Based on the current numbers of hospitalizations per
day (statewide 7-day running average of 6.7), it is felt that the Brookings Health System can
handle the anticipated number of possible admissions.
3. Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage the cases and their contacts, and
identify a resurgence of cases? Evaluate whether the mitigation and suppression levels of testing are
being met.
Mitigation level of testing uses the total number of tests completed in Brookings in the previous
seven days and determines whether it is equal to or greater than the total number of new cases
identified plus ten times the number of new cases. The number of tests completed does not include
targeted testing (i.e., public health surveillance or sentinel testing in nursing homes or on campus).
Suppression level of testing is being met when the percentage of positive test results in the previous
seven days is equal to or less than 3.0%. If mitigation and suppression levels of testing are being met
than this would be ‘yes’, otherwise it would be ‘no’.
Mitigation & Suppression Levels of Testing. Testing data for the previous seven days:
Total # of
cases
Ten times
number of
new cases:
Tests needed to meet
mitigation level:
Tests completed
(mitigation):
% Test
Positivity
(suppression)
Brookings Health System Dashboard as of 8/25/20:*
Brookings 68 680 748 409 18.1%
South Dakota Department of Health Dashboard as of 8/28/20:**
Brookings 68 680 748 279 25.4%
South Dakota 1,633 16,330 17,963 7,310 22.3%
* Brookings data are based on number of tests completed, not the number of people tested. Data for a
particular date are not reported until all test results are back.
** Includes sentinel surveillance tests (e.g., nursing homes, first responders, etc.) and is based on number
of people tested, not the number of tests.
Approximate time to receive test results as of 8/28/20 (Brookings): 1-2 days
For week ending August 28, 2020
Brookings COVID-19 Thresholds
Overview of Public Health Criteria Used to Control Transmission of COVID-19
The World Health Organization (WHO) uses three criteria for consideration in adjusting public health
and social measures related to COVID-19 and suggests measures that can be used for evaluating these
criteria1:
1. Epidemiology - Is the epidemic controlled?
2. Health System Capacity - Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases
that may arise after adapting some measures?
3. Public Health Surveillance - Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage
the cases and their contacts, and identify a resurgence of cases?
The various measures suggested by the WHO for evaluating the above criteria are given at the end of
this summary as an Appendix. The ones given below are those that are locally available.
Epidemiology
The key measure for assessing whether the epidemic is controlled is the effective reproduction number
(Rt). Rt represents the number of secondary cases for each infectious case and a value below 1 is the
best indication that the epidemic is controlled and declining. The closer Rt is to 0, the sooner
transmission control will be attained. The Rt depends on factors related to the number of susceptible
individuals and their potential contact with infectious persons. It should be noted that superspreader
events are not predicted by Rt and can rapidly affect transmission trajectories.
A Rt of less than 1 for at least two weeks is used to indicate the epidemic is controlled. An algorithm is
available that will calculate an estimate for Rt if case surveillance data are available.2
Brookings Measure: Is the epidemic controlled? Rt evaluated weekly. If Rt is <1.0 for 14 days or
longer this would be a ‘yes’, otherwise it would be a ‘no’.
Health System Capacity
A key measure for assessing whether the health system is able to cope with a resurgence of cases is that
the number of new cases requiring hospitalization is smaller than the estimated maximum hospital and
ICU bed capacity of the health system (i.e. the health system can cope with new hospitalizations without
becoming overwhelmed while maintaining delivery of essential health services). One of the criteria used
is that the health system can absorb or expand to cope with at least a 20% increase in COVID-19 case
load.
Brookings Measure: Is the health system able to cope with a resurgence of COVID-19 cases that
may arise after adapting some measures? Evaluate hospital bed and ICU availability and determine
whether an increase of 20% in the number of cases can be absorbed within the health system. If
health system can absorb increase than ‘yes’, otherwise ‘no’.
1 https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/public-health-criteria-to-adjust-public-health-and-social-measures-in-the-context-
of-covid-19
2 https://academic.oup.com/aje/article/178/9/1505/89262
For week ending August 28, 2020
Public Health Surveillance
There are several criteria listed under public health surveillance, including surveillance systems, case
investigation and contact tracing. Many of these measures are not known at a county level; however,
the number of tests and test positivity are known. The Harvard Global Health Institute has established
targets for assessing the adequacy of testing at both the mitigation level and the suppression level:3
Mitigation level testing: Mitigation focuses on reducing the spread of the virus through broad testing of
symptomatic people, tracing and testing a recommended 10 contacts per new case, isolating positive
contacts, social distancing, mask-wearing or stay-at-home orders as necessary. Testing targets for
mitigation is set as the sum of symptomatic cases and 10 times the number of cases (to cover the
contacts) and does not include targeted testing (sentinel testing of nursing homes, schools, etc.).
Suppression level testing: Suppression allows a community to quickly find and isolate new cases before
they lead to a wider outbreak, with an aim of keeping new case levels at or near zero. A test positivity
rate of 3% or less can be used as an indicator of progress towards suppression level testing. Suppression
level testing requires testing of asymptomatic people in high-risk environments including nursing homes,
colleges, etc.
Brookings Measure: Is the public health surveillance system able to detect and manage the cases
and their contacts, and identify a resurgence of cases? Evaluate whether mitigation and suppression
levels of testing are being met using the total number of tests completed and test positivity in
Brookings during the previous week and approximate length of time for test results to received back
in the clinics.
For mitigation level of testing the number of tests completed should be equal to or greater than the
total number of new cases identified plus ten times the number of new cases. For suppression level
testing, the test positivity should be 3% or less.
It will be noted whether the mitigation and suppression levels of testing are being met, as well as
the approximate length of time between samples being submitted by local labs and test results
being received.
Additional notes
Caveats regarding the data:
• The number of cases by day that are used in calculating Rt are based on the numbers posted to
the SDDOH dashboard. These dates are not the date symptoms appeared and not necessarily
the date the test sample was obtained or the test was conducted; they are the date that the test
results were reported to SDDOH. This is the best information that is available.
• The number of tests conducted in Brookings are not the number of individuals tested, but the
number of tests performed, which may include repeated testing of the same individual.
Committee Members: Bonny Specker, MS, PhD (epidemiologist), Chris Chase, DVM, PhD (virologist),
Gary Gackstetter, DVM, MPH, PhD (epidemiologist), Amy Hockett, RN (Sanford Brookings Clinic
Manager), Adam Hoppe, PhD (cell biologist, immunologist), Victor Huber, PhD (virologist, immunologist),
Jason Merkley (President, Brookings Health System), Natalie Thiex, MPH, PhD (epidemiologist,
toxicologist), Xiuging Wang, PhD (virologist, cell biologist)
3 https://globalepidemics.org/testing-targets/
For week ending August 28, 2020
APPENDIX: Criteria recommended by the WHO4
Table 1. WHO Criteria for Epidemiological Control
Epidemiological Criteria Explanation
Decline of at least 50% over a 3-week period since the
latest peak and continuous decline in the observed
incidence of confirmed and probable cases °
This indicates a decline in transmission equivalent to a halving time of
three weeks or less since the latest peak, when the testing strategy is
maintained or strengthened to test a greater % of suspected cases.
Less than 5% of samples positive for COVID-19, at least
for the last 2 weeks, ° assuming that surveillance for
suspected cases is comprehensive
The % positive samples can be interpreted only with comprehensive
surveillance and testing of suspect cases, in the order of 1/1000
population/week
Less than 5% of samples positive for COVID-19, at least
for the last 2 weeks°, among influenza-like-illness (ILI)
samples tested at sentinel surveillance sites
Through ILI sentinel surveillance, a low % of positive samples indicates
low community transmission*
At least 80% of cases are from contact lists and can be
linked to known clusters
This indicates that most transmission chains have been identified,
offering the opportunity for follow-up. This may be limited by the fact
that the information will certainly not have been collected at the height
of the epidemic.
Decline in the number of deaths among confirmed and
probable cases at least for the last 3 weeks °
This will indicate, with an approximately 3-week lag-time, that the total
number of cases is decreasing. If testing has decreased, then the
number of deaths in probable cases will be more accurate.
Continuous decline in the number of hospitalization and
ICU admissions of confirmed and probable cases at least
for the last 2 weeks°
This indicates, with an approximately 1-week lag-time and providing
that the criteria for hospitalization have not changed, a decline in the
number of cases.
Decline in the age-stratified excess mortality due to
pneumonia
When pneumonia cases cannot be systematically tested, a decline in
the mortality of pneumonia would indirectly indicate a reduction in the
excess mortality due to COVID-19.
* Trend evaluation requires that no changes occurred in testing or measurement strategy
° 2-week period corresponds to the maximum incubation period and is the minimum period on which to assess changes in trends.
Table 2. WHO Criteria for Health System Capacity
Health System Criteria Explanation
All COVID-19 patients can be managed according to
national standard
This indicates that the health system has returned to a state where all
conditions (staff, beds, drugs, equipment, etc.) are there to provide the
same standard of care that existed before the crisis.
All other patients with a severe non-COVID-19 condition
can be managed according to national standard
There is no increase in intra-hospital mortality due to
non-COVID-19 conditions
The health system can absorb or can expand to cope
with at least a 20% increase in COVID-19 case load
This indicates that the system would be sustainable even if it had to
absorb a surge in cases resulting from loosening public health and social
measures. This includes sufficient staff, equipment, beds, etc.
An Infection, Prevention and Control (IPC) focal point is
available in all health facilities (1 full-time trained IPC
focal point per 250 beds) and at district level
This indicates strong capacity for coordination, supervision and training
on IPC activities, including in primary health facilities.
All health facilities have screening for COVID-19 This is for ensuring that all patients who come to a facility are assessed
for COVID-19 in order to prevent health associated infections.
All acute health facilities have a mechanism for isolating
people with suspected COVID-19
The health system has sufficient capacity to isolate all patients with
COVID-19
4 https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/public-health-criteria-to-adjust-public-health-and-social-measures-in-the-context-
of-covid-19
For week ending August 28, 2020
Table 3. WHO Criteria for Public Health Surveillance
Public Health Surveillance Criteria Explanation
Public Health Surveillance Systems
New cases can be identified, reported, and data
included in epidemiological analysis within 24 hours
A surveillance system for COVID-19 is in place that is geographically
comprehensive and covers all persons and communities at risk.
Comprehensive surveillance includes surveillance at the community level,
primary care level, in hospitals, and through sentinel surveillance sites for
influenza and other respiratory diseases, where they exist.
Immediate reporting of probable and confirmed cases
of COVID-19 is mandated within national notifiable
disease with requirements
This indicates that appropriate public health policies are in place for
immediate notification of cases of COVID-19 from all health facilities.
Enhanced surveillance is implemented in closed
residential settings and for vulnerable groups
This indicates that public health authorities have identified populations
who live in residential settings or are vulnerable and that enhanced
surveillance is put in place for these populations.
Mortality surveillance is conducted for COVID-19
related deaths in hospitals and in the community
This indicates the ability to rapidly and reliably track the number of deaths
related to COVID-19. Where possible, medical certificate of death for
COVID-19 deaths should be issued. Other approaches for mortality
surveillance may be considered, such as reports from religious centres or
burial sites.
The total number of laboratory tests conducted for
COVID-19 virus is reported each day
Knowing the testing denominator can indicate the level of surveillance
activity and the proportion of tests positive can indicate the intensity of
transmission among symptomatic individuals.
Case Investigation
Public health rapid response teams are functional at all
appropriate administrative levels
A measure of the capability to rapidly investigate cases and clusters of
COVID-19.
90% of suspect cases are isolated and
confirmed/released within 48 hours of symptom onset
This indicates that investigation and isolation of new cases is sufficiently
rapid to minimize the generation of secondary cases.
Contact Tracing
At least 80% of new cases have their close contacts
traced and in quarantine within 72 hours of case
confirmation
These indicate that the capacity to conduct contact tracing is sufficient for
the number of cases and contacts.
At least 80% of contacts of new cases are monitored
for 14 days
Contacts should be contacted each day during the 14-day period and
ideally no more than two days should elapse without feedback from a
contact.
Information and data management systems are in
place to manage contact tracing and other related
data
While contact tracing data can be managed on paper at a small scale, large-
scale contact tracing can be supported by electronic tools such as the
Go.Data contact tracing software.